Immigration can be a life-changing opportunity for some, blending personal triumph with complex legal procedures. One of the first questions for people migrating to the United States is: What are the four types of immigration? Understanding these categories is crucial for migrants and their families to make informed decisions.
Immigration Categories Explained
The United States immigration system is divided into four primary categories. Each has a specific purpose and process.
#1. Family-Based Immigration
Family reunification is often achieved through family-based immigration processes, where U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents (or green card holders) can petition for family members to join them in the U.S. There are two groups within this category:
- Immediate Relatatives
- Family Preference
Immediate relatives include spouses, unmarried children under 21, and parents of U.S. citizens. Meanwhile, family preference categories cover more distant relationships like adult children, siblings, and extended family. Both options require proof of the relationship and a sponsoring family member who meets income requirements.
NOTE: Family-based immigration applications are subject to annual caps and long wait times, especially without an immigration lawyer.
#2. Employment-Based Immigration
The employment-based immigration category is for people who bring valuable skills, expertise, or labor to the United States. Employment visas involve five different preference levels: EB-1 through EB-5, with EB-1 reserved for highly skilled individuals and EB-5 for immigrant investors.
Here’s a breakdown:
- EB-1: Priority workers (professors, researchers, executives, etc.)
- EB-2: Professionals with advanced degrees or abilities
- EB-3: Skilled workers and professionals
- EB-4: Special immigrants (religious workers, broadcasters, etc.)
- EB-5: Investors investing specific amounts into U.S. businesses
Usually, employment-based immigration applications require employer sponsorship, Labor Certification (PERM), and substantial documentation. Contact an experienced immigration lawyer today for more information.
#3. Refugee and Asylee Immigration
Refugee and asylee immigration is for people fleeing persecution in their home countries. However, refugees must apply for admission at the port of entry while still outside the United States. Moreover, applicants are often screened and must prove they cannot return to their home country.
This is one of the most emotionally charged immigration types because it typically involves persecution based on race, religion, nationality, or political affiliation. The burden of proof is high, but the stakes are even higher. Consult a legal professional for the guidance you need.
#4. Diversity Visa (DV) Immigration Lottery
The DV immigration lottery promotes immigration from countries with historically low rates of immigration into the United States. The program grants 50,000 permanent resident visas through a random lottery system to eligible applicants from qualifying countries. Applicants must meet the following criteria to qualify:
- Be from a country on the Diversity List
- Meet minimum education/work requirements
- Submit a timely and accurate entry
Entries into the Diversity Visa Lottery must be submitted during the designated registration period. The selected winners will then complete a thorough immigration process and must pass a visa interview.
Why Immigration Categories Matter
What are the four types of immigration, and why do the categories matter? Immigration categories can determine your eligibility, application strategy, and chances of success. Unfortunately, U.S. immigration law isn’t always clear-cut or simple. Many applicants experience delays or denials because of their incorrect understanding or approach.
Navigating the U.S. immigration system means managing deadlines, complex rules, and potential mishaps. The smartest move you can make is hiring an immigration lawyer to evaluate eligibility, help you gather documents, and provide guidance in USCIS interviews. An immigration lawyer can also appeal or respond to denials and Requests for Evidence (REFs).
Need help on your immigration journey? Enter the country legally, and reach out to Lamb and Turner today for a confidential consultation.
